On 22 January 1963, in Paris, the representatives of France and the Federal Republic of Germany (FRG) sign the treaty known as the Élysée Treaty on Franco-German cooperation which enshrines the reconciliation between the two countries and under which they undertake to cooperate in particular in the fields of foreign policy, defence, education and culture.

Dans ses Mémoires, le général de Gaulle évoque la politique de désengagement de la France vis-à-vis des structures militaires intégrées de l'Organisation du traité de l'Atlantique Nord (OTAN) et décrit le mémorandum dans lequel la France a plaidé en septembre 1958 pour la création d'un directoire tripartite - États-Unis, Grande-Bretagne et France - pour assumer la direction de l'OTAN.

'Under the protection of the ally - the Paris-Bonn Axis'. In June 1963, the Soviet weekly publication Krokodil strongly condems Franco-German cooperation, seen by the USSR as being the first step towards German rearmament.