Negotiations for accession to the European Union
Negotiations for accession to the European Union
Accession negotiations with Austria
Statement by the Austrian Government on the accession negotiations (Vienna, 21 January 1993)
TextOn 21 January 1993, the Austrian Government outlines its political and economic position before the opening of the negotiations for the country’s accession to the European Union, due to begin on 1 February 1993.
Statement by Alois Mock at the opening of the accession negotiations (1 February 1993)
TextOn 1 February 1993, Alois Mock, Austrian Foreign Minister, welcomes the opening, in Brussels, of the negotiations for the accession of Austria, Finland and Sweden to the European Union.
Environmental questions on accession to the European Communities and replies from the Austrian Government (Vienna, February 1993)
TextIn February 1993, during the negotiations for Austria’s accession to the European Union (EU), the Austrian Government answers some 200 environmental questions from several Austrian environmental organisations.
Cartoon by Ironimus on the negotiations for Austria’s accession to the EU (2 February 1993)
Image‘Mock in Brussels — EC: “… Open up, my darling!”’ On 2 February 1993, the Viennese cartoonist, Ironimus, illustrates the opening, in Brussels, of the negotiations for Austria’s accession to the European Union and portrays the arrival of Alois Mock, Austrian Foreign Minister, at the head of the Austrian Delegation.
On 10 March 1993, Alois Mock, Austrian Foreign Minister, presents to the National Council in Vienna a progress report on the negotiations for Austria’s accession to the European Union.
TextOn 10 March 1993, Alois Mock, Austrian Foreign Minister, presents to the National Council in Vienna a progress report on the negotiations for Austria’s accession to the European Union.
Position of the Federation of Austrian Industrialists on Austria’s accession to the EU (May 1993)
TextIn May 1993, the Federation of Austrian Industrialists outlines the advantages of Austria’s possible accession to the European Union and warns of the dangers of the country’s isolation with regard to the process of European integration.
‘Vienna wants to protect its mountain agriculture’ from Le Monde (4 November 1993)
TextOn 4 November 1993, the French daily newspaper Le Monde outlines the special features of Austrian agriculture which are at the heart of the negotiations for Austria’s accession to the European Union.
The culmination of the accession negotiations: reactions (Vienna, 2 March 1994)
VideoOn 2 March 1994, Alois Mock, Austrian Foreign Minister, Franz Vranitzky, Austrian Federal Chancellor, and Erhard Busek, Federal Vice-Chancellor and Leader of the Austrian People's Party (ÖVP), give their reactions to the successful outcome of the negotiations held in Brussels for Austria's accession to the European Union.
Alois Mock and Dr Erhard Busek after the negotiations for the accession of Austria (Vienna, 2 March 1994)
ImageOn 2 March 1994, Alois Mock, Austrian Foreign Minister, and Erhard Busek, Federal Vice-Chancellor and leader of the Austrian People’s Party (ÖVP), make a triumphant return to Vienna Airport after the success of the negotiations held in Brussels for Austria’s accession to the European Union.
Statement by Franz Vranitzky on the conclusion of the negotiations for accession to the EU (Vienna, 2 March 1994)
TextOn 2 March 1994, in an address given in Vienna to the National Council, the Austrian Chancellor, Franz Vranitzky, welcomes the outcome of the negotiations for Austria’s accession to the European Union (EU).
Report by the Federal Government on the outcome of the negotiations for Austria’s accession to the EU (Vienna, 16 March 1994)
TextOn 16 March 1994, the Austrian Government draws up a report on the outcome of the negotiations for Austria’s accession to the European Union.
Accession negotiations with Finland
Address given by Martti Ahtisaari on relations between Finland and Sweden in a changing Europe (Stockholm, 14 April 1994)
TextOn 14 April 1994, Martti Ahtisaari, President of the Republic of Finland, delivers an address at the Swedish Institute of International Affairs in Stockholm on relations between Finland and Sweden in the future Europe of the Fifteen.
Martti Ahtisaari
ImageThe social democrat Martti Ahtisaari, a former diplomat and the first president (from 1994 to 2000) of the Republic of Finland elected by direct universal suffrage, played a very important role in his country’s accession to the European Union in 1995.
Accession negotiations with Sweden
Statement by Ulf Dinkelspiel at the opening of Sweden's negotiations on accession to the EU (1 February 1993)
TextOn 1 February 1993, Ulf Dinkelspiel, Swedish Minister for European Affairs and Foreign Trade, emphasises the importance of Sweden’s negotiations for accession to the European Communities.
Statement by Ulf Dinkelspiel: the outcome of Sweden’s negotiations for accession to the EU (Brussels, 1 March 1994)
VideoOn 1 March 1994, following two days of negotiations between the representatives of Sweden and the European Union (EU), Ulf Dinkelspiel, Swedish Minister for European Affairs and Foreign Trade, welcomes the fact that the negotiations have led to a compromise enabling Sweden to accede to the EU.
Accession negotiations with Norway
‘Spain threatens to veto Norway’s accession’ from Le Monde (9 March 1994)
TextOn 9 March 1994, the French daily newspaper Le Monde outlines Spain’s numerous concerns at Norway’s possible accession to the European Union.
Press conference held by Alain Lamassoure on the process for the accession of Norway to the EU (Brussels, 15 March 1994)
TextOn 15 March 1994, at a press conference held in Brussels on the enlargement of the European Union, Alain Lamassoure, French Minister with special responsibility for European Affairs, considers the political agreement negotiated with Norway and sets out the details of the compromise on fisheries.
Note from the European Commission on the outcome of the accession negotiations with Norway (June 1994)
TextIn a note dated June 1994, the European Commission outlines the main results of the negotiations for Norway’s accession to the European Union.
Interview with Bjørn Tore Godal: negotiations on Norway’s accession to the European Union (Berlin, 19 June 2007)
VideoIn this interview, Bjørn Tore Godal, former Norwegian Foreign Minister, sets out the issues that arose during the negotiations on Norway’s accession to the European Union. In particular, he notes the significance of the interests of the Norwegian fishing industry throughout these negotiations.
The Twelve and the accession negotiations
Conclusions of the Edinburgh European Council: extract concerning the accession of new Member States to the European Union (11 and 12 December 1992)
TextAt the end of the Edinburgh European Council, held on 11 and 12 December 1992, the Twelve adopt a series of measures relating to the opening of accession negotiations between Austria, Sweden, Finland and Norway and the European Union.
‘What enlargement?' from L'Europe en formation (Winter 1992)
TextIn its Winter 1992/1993 edition, the federalist magazine L'Europe en formation warns the Europe of the Twelve not to go for enlargement prematurely and without having made the proper preparations.
Conclusions of the Copenhagen European Council: extract concerning enlargement (21–22 June 1993)
TextAt the end of the Copenhagen European Council held on 21 and 22 June 1993, the Twelve welcome the progress made during the negotiations with Austria, Finland, Norway and Sweden on accession to the European Union.
'Double or quits' from Crocodile (July 1993)
TextIn its July–August 1993 edition, the Federalist monthly journal Crocodile considers the decisions taken at the Copenhagen European Council held on 21 and 22 June 1993 with regard to future enlargements of the European Union and calls for discussions to be held among the Twelve on the speeds of deepening and widening.
The Twelve and the accession negotiations
Conclusions of the Brussels European Council: extract concerning enlargement (29 October 1993)
TextAt the end of the Brussels European Council of 29 October 1993, the Twelve call for the speeding up of negotiations on the accession of Austria, Finland, Norway and Sweden to the European Union in order for the enlargement to come into effect on 1 January 1995.
Conclusions of the Brussels European Council: extract concerning the place of the applicant countries in the institutions and bodies (10 and 11 December 1993)
TextAt the end of the Brussels European Council, held on 10 and 11 December 1993, the Twelve adopt a series of Decisions relating, in particular, to the number of representatives allocated to Austria, Finland, Norway and Sweden in the institutions and bodies of the European Union.
Cartoon by Hanel on the accession of Austria, Finland and Sweden to the European Union (1993)
Image‘Welcome’. In 1993, the German cartoonist Hanel presents an ironic picture of the state of the ‘European House’, beloved by French President François Mitterrand, in the period preceding the accession of Austria, Finland and Sweden to the European Union.
‘The candidates for Europe are dragging their heels’ from Libération (28 February 1994)
TextOn 28 February 1994, commenting on the forthcoming enlargement of the European Union, the French daily newspaper Libération identifies the difficulties which are hindering the accession negotiations being conducted between the Twelve and Austria, Finland, Norway and Sweden.
Press briefing by Alain Lamassoure on the negotiations for enlargement (Brussels, 1 March 1994)
TextOn 1 March 1994, Alain Lamassoure, French Minister Delegate for European Affairs, holds a press conference in Brussels in which he outlines the progress made in the negotiations on accession to the European Union being conducted with Austria, Finland, Norway and Sweden.
Interview with Jean-Jacques Kasel: accession negotiations with Austria, Finland, Sweden and Norway (Sanem, 4 September 2007)
VideoIn this interview, Jean-Jacques Kasel, Permanent Representative of Luxembourg to the Council of the European Communities, then to the Council of the European Union, from 1992 to 1998, discusses the main aspects of the negotiations for accession to the European Union held with Austria, Finland, Norway and Sweden.
Interview with Alain Lamassoure: France’s position on the fourth enlargement of the European Union (Paris, 9 September 2008)
VideoIn this interview, Alain Lamassoure, French Minister for European Affairs from 1993 to 1995, outlines France's position during the negotiations for the accession of Austria, Sweden, Finland and Norway to the European Union.
The outcome of the accession negotiations in March 1994
Interview with Alain Lamassoure on France Inter (2 March 1994)
TextOn 2 March 1994, in an interview for the French radio station France Inter, Alain Lamassoure, French Minister Delegate for European Affairs, gives his views, in particular, on the implications of the enlargement of the European Union to include Austria, Finland, Norway and Sweden.
Statement by Alain Lamassoure on the enlargement of the European Union (Paris, 2 March 1994)
TextOn 2 March 1994, Alain Lamassoure, French Minister Delegate for European Affairs, holds a press conference in Paris in which he outlines, in particular, the economic, political and budgetary advantages for France of the enlargement of the European Union to include Austria, Finland, Norway and Sweden.
‘As far as Europe goes' from the Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung (3 March 1994)
TextOn 3 March 1994, the German daily newspaper the Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung describes the economic implications of Sweden, Austria and Finland joining the European Union.
‘Sweden, Finland and Austria reach agreement with the Twelve on the terms for their accession to the European Union' from Le Monde (3 March 1994)
TextOn 3 March 1994, the French daily newspaper Le Monde outlines the agreement secured two days earlier in Brussels following the negotiations with Austria, Finland and Sweden on accession to the European Union.
Report on the outcome of the negotiations with Austria, Sweden, Finland and Norway on accession to the European Union (Brussels, 9 March 1994)
TextIn a report published on 9 March 1994, the Council delivers its conclusions on the final outcome of the negotiations with Austria, Finland, Norway and Sweden on accession to the European Union.
Statement by Jacques F. Poos on the conclusion of the accession negotiations (Luxembourg, 16 March 1994)
TextOn 16 March 1994, Jacques F. Poos, Luxembourg Foreign Minister, delivers an address to the Luxembourg Chamber of Deputies on the conclusion of the negotiations on the accession of Austria, Finland, Norway and Sweden to the European Union.
European Parliament resolution on enlargement and neutrality (24 March 1994)
TextOn 24 March 1994, the European Parliament adopts a resolution in which it emphasises how important it is for account to be taken of the strong attachment of Austria, Finland and Sweden to the concept of neutrality during the negotiations on their accession to the European Communities.
'It would be better to have a crisis...' from Crocodile
TextIn April 1994, the Federalist journal Crocodile wonders whether the Twelve have made sufficient efforts to prepare the European Union for its forthcoming enlargement.
‘Integrate but maintain national autonomy' from Le Monde diplomatique (April 1994)
TextIn April 1994, the French monthly magazine Le Monde diplomatique analyses the attitude of the general public in the Scandinavian countries on the eve of the accession of Sweden and Finland to the European Union.
‘The Europe of Sixteen: an ambiguous success’ from the Revue du Marché Commun et de l’Union Européenne (May 1994)
TextIn May 1994, the monthly legal journal Revue du Marché Commun et de l’Union Européenne analyses the outcome of the negotiations for the accession to the European Union of Austria, Norway, Finland and Sweden.
Cartoon by Hanel on the difficult negotiations for the fourth enlargement of the EU (1994)
ImageIn 1994, with a view to the fourth enlargement of the European Union, the German cartoonist, Hanel, emphasises the difficulties involved in the negotiations with Austria, Finland, Norway and Sweden for their accession to the EU.
Note from the European Parliament on the negotiations on the accession of the four countries applying for accession to the European Union (November 1994)
TextIn November 1994, the European Parliament’s External Office in Paris summarises, point by point, the negotiations being conducted with Austria, Finland, Norway and Sweden on accession to the European Union.