The Helsinki Summit
The Helsinki Summit
The Helsinki Summit
TexteThe Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe
Final Act of the Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe (Helsinki, 1 August 1975)
TexteOn 1 August 1975, in Helsinki, the Heads of State or Government of the 35 countries participating in the Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe (CSCE) sign the Final Act, which, in particular, endorses the inviolability of existing frontiers, promotes economic cooperation and encourages the free movement of ideas and people.
European Parliament Resolution on the conference on security and cooperation in Europe (9 April 1975)
TexteOn 9 April 1975, on the sidelines of the negotiations opened in July 1973 in Helsinki and continued in Geneva by the Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe (CSCE), the European Parliament welcomes the process of international détente and calls for closer cooperation between East and West.
Statement by the European Council in Brussels on the CSCE (17 July 1975)
TexteOn 17 July 1975, following the Brussels European Council, the Nine reiterate their support for the Helsinki diplomatic process and encourage participants in the CSCE to put the new policy of East-West détente into practice.
Statement by Hans-Dietrich Genscher (25 July 1975)
TexteOn 25 July 1975, Hans-Dietrich Genscher, German Foreign Minister, describes to the Bundestag the main decisions adopted in Helsinki by participants in the Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe(CSCE).
Speech by Harold Wilson (Helsinki, 30 July 1975)
TexteOn 30 July 1975, at the opening session of the Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe (CSCE) in Helsinki, Harold Wilson, British Prime Minister, delivers a speech on East-West détente.
Speech by Helmut Schmidt (Helsinki, 30 July 1975)
TexteOn 30 July 1975, at the opening, in Helsinki, of the Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe (CSCE), German Chancellor, Helmut Schmidt, welcomes the outcomes of the meeting and calls for the implementation of the decisions adopted in support of the policy of East-West détente.
Cartoon by Köhler on the Helsinki Summit (30 July 1975)
Image‘Helsinki - the summit of non-obligation.’ According to the German cartoonist Köhler, the Conference on security and cooperation in Europe (CSCE), which took place in Helsinki from 30 July to 1 August 1975, was a farce and with no solider foundations than a castle of playing cards.
Discours de Leonid Brejnev (Helsinki, 31 juillet 1975)
TexteLe 31 juillet 1975, prenant part à Helsinki à la phase finale de la Conférence sur la sécurité et la coopération en Europe (CSCE), Leonid Brejnev, premier secrétaire du parti communiste de l'Union soviétique, se félicite des résultats obtenus sur le plan diplomatique.
Final stage of the Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe (Helsinki, 30 July–1 August 1975)
ImageOn 1 August 1975, in Helsinki, the Heads of State or Government of the 35 countries participating in the Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe (CSCE) sign the Final Act, which, in particular, endorses the inviolability of existing frontiers, promotes economic cooperation and encourages the free movement of ideas and people.
Gerald R. Ford and Leonid Brezhnev in Helsinki (July 1975)
ImageIn Helsinki from 30 July to 1 August 1975 for the signing of the Final Act of the Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe (CSCE), US President Gerald R. Ford and Leonid Brezhnev, First Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, exchange views.
Speech by Gerald R. Ford (Helsinki, 1 August 1975)
TextePresent in Helsinki on 1 August 1975 for the signature of the final Act of the Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe (CSCE), US President, Gerald R. Ford, defends democratic values and freedom, and calls for the process of East-West détente to be continued.
Cartoon by Haitzinger on the application of the CSCE resolutions (March 1976)
ImageIn March 1976, the German cartoonist, Horst Haitzinger, takes an ironic look at the ‘full application in the GDR' of the resolutions adopted by the Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe (CSCE), in particular Principle VII of the Helsinki Final Act, whereby the Soviet Union and its satellite states commit to respect human rights and fundamental freedoms.
'The double error about Helsinki' from the Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung (24 October 1977)
TexteOn 24 October 1974, German daily newspaper Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung welcomes the success of the Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe (CSCE) and points out the diplomatic mistakes made in Helsinki by the Soviet negotiators.
Cartoon by Hanel on the outcome of the CSCE Summit in Belgrade (1978)
Image‘CSCE: the outcome.’ In March 1978, the German cartoonist, Walter Hanel, portrays the failure of the meeting of the Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe (CSCE) in Belgrade.
Leo Tindemans, Memoirs
TexteIn his memoirs, Leo Tindemans, former Belgian Prime Minister, explains the importance of the signing, on 1 August 1975, of the Helsinki Final Act establishing the Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe (CSCE).
Interview with Leo Tindemans: the Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe (Brussels, 24 February 2006)
VidéoIn this interview, Leo Tindemans, former Belgian Prime Minister, refers to the implications of the Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe (CSCE), the Final Act of which was signed in Helsinki on 1 August 1975.