On 11 August 1950, the Consultative Assembly of the Council of Europe adopts a motion tabled by Winston Churchill which calls for the immediate establishment of a European army so as to form a bulwark against Communism.

On 31 August 1954, André Philip, President of the Socialist Movement for the United States of Europe (SMUSE), analyses the impact of France’s domestic politics and the role played by the French press in the debates on the European Defence Community (EDC).