The revival of European integration
The revival of European integration
The revival of European integration
The military, economic and political integration of Europe (1952)
ImageMaps indicating the successive stages of European political, economic and military integration between 1948 and 1952.
Internal memorandum from the Ministry of Economic Affairs of the FRG on economic integration in Europe (1 May 1953)
TexteOn 1 May 1953, the German Ministry of Economic Affairs draws up a memorandum in which it sets out its position on the objectives and stages of economic integration in Europe.
Achievements of Benelux economic cooperation presented to the Committee for the European Political Community (30 June 1954)
TexteOn 30 June 1954, the Economic Committee of the Special Committee set up in 1952 within the Consultative Assembly of the Council of Europe to analyse the draft statute of the European Political Community receives a document drawn up by the Belgian delegation. This document outlines the history of the economic integration that began in 1943 between the three Benelux countries.
‘Can Europe still be built?’ from La Métropole (18 September 1954)
TexteOn 18 September 1954, commenting on the recent failure of the European Defence Community (EDC), the Antwerp daily newspaper La Métropole calls for a revival of the process to build a supranational Europe in which the three Benelux countries are invited to play the principal roles.
Resolution of the Netherlands Trade Union Confederation (2 October 1954)
TexteAt its Congress of 1 and 2 October 1954, the members of the Netherlands Trade Union Confederation (NVV) adopt a resolution in which they welcome the establishment of the European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC) and emphasise the importance of economic and social integration in Europe.
Resolution 27 of the ECSC Common Assembly (Strasbourg, 2 December 1954)
TexteOn 2 December 1954, the Common Assembly of the European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC) adopts a resolution concerning the establishment of a working party responsible for drawing up a report on the possible extension of the material powers of the Community and on a more general extension of the European Common Market.
Resolution 29 of the ECSC Common Assembly (Strasbourg, 9 May 1955)
TexteOn 9 May 1955, the Common Assembly of the European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC) adopts a resolution establishing a temporary working party to be responsible for reporting back to it on the possible extension of the material powers of the Community and on a more general extension of the European Common Market.
Hermann J. Abs, Economic cooperation in Europe today (1955)
TexteOn 14 January 1955, Herman J. Abs, member of the Board of Directors of the Süddeutsche Bank and President of the German Section of the European League for Economic Cooperation (ELEC), reviews the various aspects of economic cooperation in Europe.
‘Europe more than ever' from the Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung (24 March 1955)
TexteOn 24 March 1955, the German daily newspaper Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung emphasises the need to continue along the path towards European unification as the only way to build the future.
Note from Pierre Uri on the various forms of European integration (5 April 1955)
TexteOn 5 April 1955, Pierre Uri, Director of the General Economy Division of the High Authority of the European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC), draws up a note in which he outlines, in particular, the combined benefits of the institutional and functional integration of the European economies with a view to a general Common Market in Europe.
Draft statement on the progressive integration of the national markets (13 April 1955)
TexteOn 13 April 1955, Jean Monnet, the outgoing President of the High Authority of the European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC), and Pierre Uri, Director at the High Authority, draw up a draft declaration on behalf of the Six on the progressive integration of national markets.
Memorandum from the Department of European Integration at the Quai d’Orsay (Paris, 7 April 1955)
TexteOn 7 April 1955, the Department of European Integration at the French Foreign Ministry sums up the possible ways of continuing European integration while emphasising its preference for general economic integration.
Ludwig Erhard, Who is a good European? (6 August 1955)
TexteIn August 1955, Ludwig Erhard, German Minister for Economic Affairs, responds to criticisms of his lack of enthusiasm for the European idea by insisting on his conviction that Europe can be integrated through institutions or common procedures without the need for a supranational approach.
Karl Albrecht, The many roads towards integration (1955)
TexteIn 1955, commenting on the decisions adopted by the Six during the Messina Conference, Karl Albrecht, Head of the Düsseldorf Chamber of Commerce and Industry, analyses the progress of and new prospects for economic integration in Europe.
Address given by Émile Reuter (Luxembourg, 25 January 1956)
SonOn 25 January 1956, Émile Reuter, President of the Luxembourg Chamber of Deputies and of the European Movement (Luxembourg), delivers an address, broadcast on RTL radio, in which he explains to his fellow citizens the issues surrounding the revival of European integration.
Address by René Mayer at a meeting of the European Movement in Luxembourg (26 January 1956)
ImageOn 26 January 1956, at a meeting of the European Movement in Luxembourg, René Mayer, President of the High Authority of the European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC), makes a statement in which he emphasises the importance of a revival of the European integration process.
Hermann J. Abs, Economic cooperation in Europe (January 1956)
TexteIn January 1956, Hermann J. Abs, member of the Board of Directors of the Süddeutsche Bank and President of the German Section of the European League for Economic Cooperation (ELEC), recommends liberal economic cooperation in Europe and condemns protectionism, state interventionism and supranational economic planning.
Robert Rothschild, A certain idea of Europe
TexteIn 1981, Robert Rothschild, former Head of the Private Office of Belgian Foreign Minister Paul-Henri Spaak, looks back at the main stages of the European revival and of the negotiations for the Treaty establishing the European Economic Community (EEC).
Joseph Van Tichelen, Memories of the Treaty of Rome negotiations
TexteIn 1981, Joseph Van Tichelen, former Director-General in the Belgian Ministry for Economic Affairs, outlines the implications and the successive stages of the European revival and of the negotiation of the Treaty establishing the European Economic Community (EEC).
‘Count Snoy et d’Oppuers: personal account and memories’ from La Revue Générale (May 1984)
TexteIn May 1984, in the Brussels journal La Revue Générale, Count Jean-Charles Snoy et d’Oppuers, former President of the Belgian Delegation to the Intergovernmental Committee established by the Messina Conference and to the Intergovernmental Conference on the Common Market and Euratom, shares his memories of the revival of European integration and of the signing of the Rome Treaties.
Jean-Charles Snoy et d’Oppuers, Rebuilding Europe. Memoirs
TexteIn his memoirs, Count Jean-Charles Snoy et d’Oppuers, former President of the Belgian Delegation to the Intergovernmental Conference established by the Messina Conference and to the Intergovernmental Conference on the Common Market and Euratom, and former Chairman of the Interim Committee on the Common Market and Euratom, looks back on the revival of European integration and its highlights.
Account given by Christian Pineau: René Coty and the revival of the European integration process (Rome, 26 March 1987)
SonAt the conference held from 25 to 28 March 1987 in Rome to mark the 30th anniversary of the signing of the Treaties establishing the European Economic Community (EEC) and the European Atomic Energy Community (EAEC or Euratom), Christian Pineau, former French Foreign Minister, refers to the role played in early 1956 by René Coty, President of the French Republic, in the revival of the European integration process.
Christian Pineau: an account of the political situation in France and the revival of European integration (Rome, 25–28 March 1987)
VidéoAt the conference, held from 25 to 28 March 1987 in Rome to mark the 30th anniversary of the signing of the Treaties establishing the European Economic Community and the European Atomic Energy Community (EAEC or Euratom), Christian Pineau, former French Foreign Minister, recalls the political situation in France at the time of the negotiations on the revival of European integration and summarises the strategy of the French Government during this period.
The revival of European integration
Interview with Hans von der Groeben: the revival of European integration (Brussels, 26 March 1997)
VidéoIn an interview conducted on 26 March 1997 in Brussels during the commemorative events held to mark the 40th anniversary of the signing of the Treaties establishing the European Economic Community (EEC) and the European Atomic Energy Community (EAEC or Euratom), Hans von der Groeben, former Chairman of the Common Market Committee at the Intergovernmental Conference on the Common Market and Euratom, outlines the various stages and the main difficulties that emerged in the revival of the European integration process.
Account given by Hans von der Groeben: the FRG and the beginnings of European revival (Rome, 25 March 1987)
SonAt the conference held from 25 to 28 March 1987 in Rome to mark the 30th anniversary of the signing of the Treaties establishing the European Economic Community (EEC) and the European Atomic Energy Community (EAEC or Euratom), Hans von der Groeben, former Head of the European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC) Subdivision in the German Federal Ministry of Economic Affairs (1952–1958) and former Spokesman of the German Government at the Coordination Committee of the ECSC Special Council of Ministers, considers the discussions that took place in Germany on a revival of European integration with the aim of establishing a Common Market.
Account given by Jacques Van Helmont: the consequences of the failure of the EDC (Rome, 25 March 1987)
SonAt the conference held from 25 to 28 March 1987 in Rome to mark the 30th anniversary of the signing of the Treaties establishing the European Economic Community (EEC) and the European Atomic Energy Community (EAEC or Euratom), Jacques Van Helmont, former colleague of Jean Monnet at the High Authority of the European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC), outlines the consequences of France’s failure to ratify the European Defence Community (EDC) Treaty for the action taken by Jean Monnet and the ECSC for the revival of the European integration process.
Account given by Hans von der Groeben: the FRG and the revival of the European integration process (Rome, 26 March 1987)
SonAt the conference held from 25 to 28 March 1987 in Rome to mark the 30th anniversary of the signing of the Treaties establishing the European Economic Community (EEC) and the European Atomic Energy Community (EAEC or Euratom), Hans von der Groeben, former Chairman of the Common Market Committee in the Intergovernmental Conference on the Common Market and Euratom, refers to the nature of the difficulties encountered by the Government of the Federal Republic of Germany (FRG) throughout the process of European revival.
Account by Cesidio Guazzaroni: Italy and the revival of the European integration process (Rome, 26 March 1987)
SonAt the conference held in Rome from 25 to 28 March 1987 to mark the 30th anniversary of the signing of the Treaties establishing the European Economic Community (EEC) and the European Atomic Energy Community (EAEC or Euratom), Cesidio Guazzaroni, former Deputy Head of the Private Office of the Italian Foreign Ministers Carlo Sforza, Alcide De Gasperi and Giuseppe Pella and former Head of the Secretariat of the Italian Delegation to the Intergovernmental Conference on the Common Market and Euratom, outlines the implications of European revival for Italy in terms of its foreign policy.
Account given by Dirk Spierenburg: the Netherlands and European revival (Rome, 27 March 1987)
SonAt the conference held from 25 to 28 March 1987 in Rome to mark the 30th anniversary of the signing of the Treaties establishing the European Economic Community (EEC) and the European Atomic Energy Community (EAEC or Euratom), the Dutchman, Dirk Spierenburg, former member of the High Authority of the European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC), outlines the attitude of the Netherlands authorities and, in particular, that of the Netherlands Prime Minister, Willem Drees, to the plan for a Common Market.
Interview with Max Kohnstamm: Jean Monnet and the revival of Europe (Fenffe, 11 May 2006)
VidéoIn this interview, Max Kohnstamm, Secretary of the High Authority of the European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC) from 1952 to 1956, outlines how Jean Monnet, President of the High Authority, reacted to the refusal of the French Parliament, on 31 August 1954, to ratify the European Defence Community (EDC) Treaty.