In 1933, Willy Brandt leaves Germany and goes into exile. He remains in Norway until 1940. He then leaves for Sweden where he remains until the end of the Second World War. This portrait dates from 1934 and shows Willy Brandt at the age of 21.

In 1933, the young Willy Brandt leaves Germany and goes into exile. He remains in Norway until 1940. He then leaves for Sweden where he remains until the end of the Second World War.

In an article published in December 1939, Willy Brandt, in exile in Norway, outlines the position of German and European Socialists on the reorganisation of postwar Europe and, in particular, on the relationship between Germany and the peoples of Central Europe.

On 28 December 1939, Willy Brandt publishes an article in the Norwegian newspaper Bergens Arbeiderblad in which he advocates the establishment in stages of a United States of Europe.

In April 1940, Willy Brandt, in exile in Norway, formulates a road map for the establishment of a United States of Europe. In his opinion, the relationship between Germany and its Eastern European neighbours is at the heart of the debate and is the key issue on the path towards a European federation.

In July 1944, a booklet on The postwar policy of the German Socialists considers the place of Germany in the reorganisation of postwar Europe and outlines the path to be taken in order to establish a federation of European states. The publication, published anonymously in Stockholm, was probably co-written by Willy Brandt.

In his book In Exile, a collection of writings produced during his exile in Norway and Sweden, Willy Brandt advocates the establishment of a federation between Germany and the peoples of Central Europe in order to provide a sound basis for their future relations.

In his book In Exile, a collection of writings produced during his exile in Norway and Sweden, Willy Brandt emphasises the need for postwar Germany to establish cooperation with the states of Western and Eastern Europe on an equal footing.

In his book After the victory, published in 1944 during his exile in Sweden, Willy Brandt lists the criteria required for the establishment of a new, stable regime in Germany. He emphasises that the German problem must be resolved in a wider European context.