The monetary snake
Le serpent monétaire
Text‘Anti-inflationary measure developed by the Brandt Government’ from Le Figaro (10 May 1971)
TextOn 10 May 1971, the French daily newspaper Le Figaro comments on the decisions taken at the meeting of the Finance Ministers of the Six held on 8 and 9 May 1971 in Brussels, and analyses the German Government’s decision to let its national currency fluctuate.
Statement by Karl Schiller (Bonn, 11 May 1971)
TextOn 11 May 1971, German Finance Minister, Karl Schiller, defends his Government's decision to allow the German mark to 'float', and justifies the main points of his monetary policy.
‘The complex situation’ from Die Welt (28 May 1971)
TextOn 28 May 1971, the German daily newspaper Die Welt comments on the unsuccessful attempts in Europe to put an end to monetary instability.
Cable from the French Embassy in Luxembourg to the French Foreign Ministry (Luxembourg, 23 August 1971)
TextOn 23 August 1971, the French Embassy in Luxembourg informs its Foreign Ministry of the decisions taken by the Benelux countries concerning the monetary crisis. The cable notes that Luxembourg, Belgium and the Netherlands have decided to maintain a fixed parity between their currencies, to restore the common agricultural market and to authorise intervention by the central banks on the respective markets in Community currencies. The Benelux countries have therefore created a monetary bloc that refuses to follow the dollar.
Letter from Jean Monnet to Pierre Werner (Paris, 26 August 1971)
TextOn 26 August 1971, Jean Monnet, President of the Action Committee for the United States of Europe (ACUSE), sends a letter to Pierre Werner, President of the Government and Finance Minister of Luxembourg and an active member of ACUSE, in which he shares his observations concerning the international monetary crisis.
Letter from Franco Maria Malfatti to Pierre Werner (Brussels, 10 September 1971)
TextOn 10 September 1971, in the light of the US decision to suspend the dollar’s convertibility into gold, Franco Maria Malfatti, President of the Commission of the European Communities, sends a letter to Pierre Werner, President of the Luxembourg Government, in which he calls for a strengthening of the Community and the introduction of a genuine common monetary policy.
Statement by Pierre Werner at the Annual Meeting of the IMF Governors (Washington, 30 September 1971)
TextOn 30 September 1971, Pierre Werner, Governor of the International Monetary Fund (IMF) for Luxembourg, gives an address at the Annual Meeting of the IMF Governors in Washington.
Statement by Pierre Werner in the Chamber of Deputies (21 December 1971)
TextOn 21 December 1971, in an address in the Chamber of the Deputies, Luxembourg Finance Minister Pierre Werner sets out Luxembourg’s position concerning Washington’s recent decisions on international monetary matters.
European currency snake (Basle, 10 April 1972)
ImageOn 10 April 1972, the Basle Agreement is concluded with a view to implementing, as from 24 April, the intervention system of the central banks to limit fluctuation between currencies to a maximum of 2.25 %. This photograph shows the coins of the currencies of the Member States of the European Economic Community (EEC) symbolically placed to represent the European currency snake.
Statement by Raymond Barre to the European Parliament (4 July 1972)
TextIn a statement to the European Parliament on 4 July 1972, Raymond Barre, Vice-President of the European Commission with special responsibility for Economic and Financial Affairs, defends the European currency snake and calls on the Six to exercise increased monetary austerity.